{"product_id":"laws-and-lawmakers-science-metaphysics-and-the-laws-of-nature-paperback-2","title":"Laws and Lawmakers: Science, Metaphysics, and the Laws of Nature - Paperback","description":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/reportcopyrightinfringement.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eReport copyright infringement\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eby \u003cb\u003eMarc Lange\u003c\/b\u003e (Author)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLaws of nature have long puzzled philosophers. What distinguishes laws from facts about the world that do not rise to the level of laws? How can laws be contingent and nevertheless necessary? In this brief, accessible study, Lange offers provocative and original answers to these questions. He argues that laws are distinguished by their necessity, which is grounded in primitive subjunctive facts (expressed by counterfactual conditionals). While recognizing that natural necessity is distinct from logical, metaphysical, and mathematical necessity, Lange explains how natural necessity constitutes a species of the same genus as those other varieties of necessity. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eAlong the way, Lange discusses the relation between laws and objective chances, as well as such unjustly neglected topics as the completeness of the laws of physics and whether the laws of nature can change. Lange's elegant, engagingly written book is non-technical and suitable for undergraduate philosophers (and undergraduate scientists interested in the logical foundations of science). It is \"must reading\" for metaphysicians and philosophers of science working on laws, chance, counterfactuals, modality, or the philosophy of physics.\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch3\u003eAuthor Biography\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarc Lange\u003c\/strong\u003e is Professor of Philosophy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of Pages:\u003c\/strong\u003e 280\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e 0.6 x 8.1 x 5.4 IN\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIllustrated:\u003c\/strong\u003e Yes\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePublication Date:\u003c\/strong\u003e July 09, 2009\u003c\/div\u003e\n            ","brand":"BooksCloud","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42035356106832,"sku":"9780195328141","price":87.35,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0592\/9540\/0016\/files\/SCtUaklpYjlOczBxTm54aXQwVmhCQT09_9f75ed29-847d-43fa-8eb5-44da1bd95b32.webp?v=1771838112","url":"https:\/\/palm-malen-gift-shop-pmrc.myshopify.com\/products\/laws-and-lawmakers-science-metaphysics-and-the-laws-of-nature-paperback-2","provider":"Palm Malen Gift Shop -PMRC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}